Getting ready for the holidays? Your holiday menu may mean more
to your liver health than you think. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can go far
in protecting our overall health and reducing
the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of
liver cancer, a new study finds. These findings by researchers from Massachusetts
General Hospital arrive just in time as we all prepare for and/or dive into holiday
festivities and feasts.
“Our findings strongly support continued efforts to develop
public health policies for lifestyle modification to prevent HCC and
liver-related mortality,” said lead researcher Tracey Simon, MD in a press
release. “Our
data suggested that adherence to a healthy overall lifestyle could potentially
prevent more than 30,000 liver-related deaths in the United States each year.”
INVESTIGATION HIGHLIGHTS
The goal of this study was to determine the overall impact of
lifestyle on new cases of HCC and liver-related mortality. The study included
data from 76,713 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), and 48,748 men in
the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Each group provided detailed
clinical, lifestyle, and dietary information from 1976 and 1986, respectively;
and the groups were followed every two to four years through 2012. Those who reported
to already have viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer were excluded.
The research looked focused on five healthy lifestyle
factors:
Body mass
index: normal weight, or a body mass index (BMI) of 24.9 or lower
Physical
activity: at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise per week
Smoking:
current non-smoker, either a never-smoker or someone who had quit
Diet: a
score in the upper 40% on the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010, which
assesses diet quality.
Alcohol: one
or fewer drinks per day for women, or two or fewer drinks for men.
RISK FACTORS
The researchers found that those who observed healthier
lifestyles were less likely to have diabetes, high blood pressure, or abnormal
blood fat levels. Of note, HCC cases jumped among those who smoked 15 or more
cigarettes a day (less than a pack). For alcohol use, the HCC risk rose even
for those who consumed just 5 to 15 grams per day (a standard bottle of beer,
glass of wine, or shot of distilled spirits is about 14 grams). Liver cancer
cases decreased steadily as the diet quality and amount of exercise increased.
On the other hand, those who did not smoke had 27% less chance
of developing HCC, and those who have no to little alcohol intake had reduced
risk by 21%. Overall, a healthy diet reduced HCC risk by 17%, a healthy weight
lowered HCC incidence by 36%, and a healthy level of exercise reduced HCC risk
by 35%. Having more four or more healthy factors projected an overall 88%
reduced risk of liver cancer.
The authors also noted that BMI and exercise were the two most
important factors for both liver cancer and liver-related deaths.
“These findings underscore the enormous potential of primary
prevention to reduce the growing burden of HCC and liver-related mortality,”
the study authors concluded.
“Right now, there are not yet any effective medications to
reverse liver fibrosis or prevent HCC. It is essential that we focus on
controlling risk factors through primary prevention,” Simon stressed. In
translation, consider colorful crudité, bright berries, and delish lentil dips—served
up at overflowing banquets, or on those passed-around ‘tis the season platters—some of your best friends!
So, this holiday season—and as we welcome the new year—make room
for liver-friendly diet and lifestyle modifications—and get tested for
hepatitis while you’re at it! Screen.
Vaccinate. Don’t hesitate!
Click
here to
read the study details and other risk factors
Autumn might mean shorter days and chillier temperatures, but
this season also brings out colorful leaves, crisp air, and cozy days to enjoy
fresh fall — and liver-healthy — produce, including: squash, gourds and a
variety of root crops. Squash — with its rich variety — is high in vitamin A,
which supports the immune system and helps the body’s various organs, including
the liver, to function properly. Pumpkin contains antioxidants such as alpha-carotene,
beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin that help the liver in detoxifying chemicals.
Crops of root vegetables like sweet potato are great sources of vitamins C and
A, which are key to both a healthy immune system and efficient organ function.
Warm up on a cool autumn day — or dig in at a savory Thanksgiving
feast — with these delicious recipes featuring robust, nutrient-rich fall
ingredients that will also boost your liver health.
Twice-Roasted Sweet
Potatoes with Hot Honey from bonappetit.com
INGREDIENTS:
3 medium sweet potatoes or garnet yams, scrubbed (about 3
pounds)
1 Fresno chile (or other red chile types), thinly sliced
¼ cup honey
4 tablespoons unsalted butter
Kosher salt
2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
DIRECTIONS:
Preheat oven to 350°.
Poke holes all over sweet
potatoes and wrap each in foil.
Place on a foil-lined rimmed
baking sheet and roast until potatoes are tender, 60–70 minutes (if you have
one, use a cake tester to poke right through foil).
Unwrap and let sit until cool
enough to handle.
Increase oven temperature to
450°.
Meanwhile, combine chile,
honey, and butter in a small saucepan; season with salt. Bring to a simmer over
low heat, stirring to combine.
Remove from heat and stir in
vinegar.
Smash sweet potatoes with
your palm, then tear into bite-sized pieces (including skin), the more
irregular, the better.
Place in a large bowl and add
half of hot honey (do not include chile as it will burn); season with salt.
Arrange pieces skin side down in a single layer on an unlined rimmed baking
sheet and roast until browned and crisp around the edges for 20–25 minutes.
Drizzle with remaining hot
honey, now with chile folded in.
Preheat oven to 350°F. Place walnuts on lined or sprayed
baking sheet and bake for 10 minutes. When finished, remove from oven and
do not turn oven off. Slice the spaghetti squash in half and scoop out the
soft inside with a spoon. Lightly coat with olive oil and season with salt
and pepper. Bake face down for 30 minutes or until tender. Once cooked,
set oven to 400°F.
In a medium size pot, add minced garlic and cook until
translucent. Add a can of crushed tomatoes and basil. Cook for 5 minutes
to combine flavors.
In a pan over medium heat, add minced garlic and a
drizzle olive oil. Cook until translucent. Add the mushrooms, onions,
Italian seasoning, and continue to cook for an additional 5-7 minutes.
Rinse and drain beans. Lightly smash beans with your
hands leaving the majority of it mashed, with a few solid beans. In a
large bowl, combine the panko, beans, walnuts, mushroom and onion mixture,
red pepper, basil, salt, and pepper. Press the mixture into balls and set
aside.
In the same skillet over medium-high heat, add a drizzle
of olive oil and cook each ball for 5-7 minutes, making sure to rotate in
order to cook evenly. Remove spaghetti squash from the oven. Let cool and
shred the squash with a fork. Once shredded, add the squash back into the
shell, top with red sauce, vegan cheeses, and meatballs. Bake for 5-7
minutes until cheese is bubbly. Serve hot.
Melt the butter in a large
saucepan over medium heat.
Stir in the flour and cook
until the flour has turned golden brown, about 3 minutes.
Whisk in the vegetable stock
and bring to a boil over high heat.
Whisk in the pumpkin puree
until no lumps remain, then add the chipotle peppers, half-and-half cream,
sofrito, Worcestershire sauce, salt, and paprika.
Return to a simmer, then
reduce heat to medium-low, and cook for 8 minutes until thickened and hot.
2 small or medium delicata squash, cut in half lengthwise
3 medium parsnips, peeled and chopped into large pieces
4 medium carrots, peeled and chopped into large pieces
2 large red bell peppers, cut into large pieces
1 tablespoon harissa paste
2 teaspoon fresh ginger, grated
4 scallions, diced
2 tablespoons toasted sesame seeds (optional)
1/3 cup slivered almonds, toasted
1/4 cup fresh dill, chopped
1-2 teaspoons za’atar
1-2 teaspoons ras al hanout spice
Salt, to taste
Olive oil
For the Toppings:
thick Vegan yogurt sprinkled with za’atar
Lemon or lime wedges
Harissa paste
A drizzle of olive oil
DIRECTIONS:
Preheat the oven to 400°F.
Line 1 large and 1 small rimmed baking sheet with parchment.
Brush the cut squash on both
sides with olive oil. Sprinkle each cavity with salt, pepper, a sprinkle of ras
al hanout and about 1/4 teaspoon of fresh ginger. Place face down on the large
baking sheet.
Toss parsnips and carrots
with olive oil, salt, and pepper. Arrange in a single layer next to the squash.
Toss the red pepper with olive oil and salt, place on the small baking sheet.
The red pepper will roast for 12-15 min and the other vegetables need about
20-25 minutes, stirring them around halfway through the cooking process.
While the vegetables are
roasting, prepare the couscous according to package instructions (adding a
pinch of saffron if using) and toast the slivered almonds in a dry pan on the
stove top, about 3-5 minutes.
Once the couscous is done,
stir in some olive oil, 1 teaspoon za’atar, the diced scallions, toasted sesame
seeds, almonds, and fresh dill. Season with salt to taste.
Once the vegetables are done,
place the carrots, parsnips, and red pepper in a bowl and toss with the
remaining grated ginger and 1 tablespoon harissa.
Fill the squash with couscous
and a good helping of vegetables.
Top with a dollop of vegan
yogurt sprinkled with za’atar, olive oil, and a side of harissa paste. Serve
with lemons or lime wedges to squeeze on top.
A new study
adds to the many reasons why oral hygiene should be priority for everyone.
Researchers from Queen’s University Belfast have recently found a link between
poor oral health and an increased risk of liver cancer. So, whenever you think
about skipping the floss (“C’mon,
It’s just for one night!”), think again.
The study involved a large cohort of
over 469,000 participants from the U.K. The researchers evaluated the
participants’ oral health conditions, such as general teeth condition, bleeding
gums, and mouth ulcers, as well as their risk for gastrointestinal cancers,
including liver, colon, and pancreatic cancer. Of the total number of
participants, 4,069 developed gastrointestinal cancer during the six-year
follow up; 13 % of the cancer cases involved patients who reported poor oral
health.
Notably, the researchers found no
critical association between poor oral health and most gastrointestinal
cancers. However, they did find a significantly increased risk of hepatobiliary
cancer among those with self-reported oral conditions. Specifically, poor oral
health was found to be associated with a 75% increased risk of hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer. HCC often occurs in
people with chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis B or C infection.
“Poor oral health has been
associated with the risk of several chronic diseases, such as heart disease,
stroke, and diabetes,” said lead study author Dr. Haydee WT Jordao, of the
Centre of Public Health at Queen’s University Belfast. “However, there is
inconsistent evidence on the association between poor oral health and specific
types of gastrointestinal cancers, which is what our research aimed to
examine,” she added.
But what’s behind this connection?
One possible explanation is the
development of bacteria and microbiome in the oral cavity, and the role of the
liver in eliminating these bacteria from the body. For people with a liver
disease like hepatitis or cirrhosis, the normal function of their liver is
impaired, perhaps allowing bacteria to survive longer and cause more harm,
explained Dr. Jordao.
This is the first study investigating
the relationship between self-reported oral health and digestive cancers in the
U.K. While no definitive causal link has been established, Dr. Jordao and
colleagues recommend that future studies look into the biological mechanisms of people with
high cancer risk due to poor oral health; including those who have several
teeth missing, due to
unhealthy dietary habits. Patients should be monitored carefully for severe skin reactions, and discontinuation of https://www.ncahcsp.org/buy-accutane-online/ Accutane should be considered if required. Accutane can cause muscle and joint pain and elevated serum levels of CPK, which may be accompanied by exercise intolerance. Bottom line of this new study: taking care of our teeth means
taking care of our liver,
as well. Your daily gift to your body: Brush. Floss. Eliminate. Don’t Hesitate!
Let’s face it: Most people don’t think about the
functions and importance of the liver on a daily basis. But it’s always good to
be reminded of what the liver does for our body to encourage us to make dietary and lifestyle
choices that are also good for our relentlessly hard-at-work cleansing organ.
Going back to the basics — the liver is the
largest gland of the human body. It serves major functions; perhaps its most important
— the production of bile juice, which helps the small intestine break down and
absorb fats, some vitamins, cholesterol, etc. from our food and drink intake. The liver also stores
essential minerals and vitamins that keep the whole body healthy.
However, the liver can get inflamed due to a
variety of factors, including:
parasites,
viruses, and chemicals from food and drinks. These viruses, such as hepatitis
A, B, and C, spread through contaminated food, water, blood, or by having close contact
with a person who is infected. Liver disease can also develop from abnormalities
in the immune system or inherited genes. Other top causes of liver disease
include binge drinking or chronic alcohol abuse, and the accumulation of fat in the liver because of an unhealthy
lifestyle.
To prevent these diseases and maintain a healthy liver, take note
of these 5 liver-friendly habits:
1. Go for
liver-healthy food and drink options.
Choosing a healthy diet and maintaining a healthy weight can go a
long way to prevent any liver disease. Go for fresh fruits and vegetables that
are much easier for your liver to process than deep-fried or chemically refined
food. Consuming too much sugar can also damage your liver (not to mention your
teeth and proper blood
sugar level!). Junk
foods and deep-fried foods are likely to be filled with trans fats that can
cause damage to your liver. Consumption of these along with refined sugar from
sugary foods and desserts can lead to build up of fats, resulting in fatty
liver disease. Try to reduce or eliminate trans fats and sugar in your diet to
reduce your risk of fatty liver disease.
2. Screen.
Vaccinate. Don’t hesitate!
Getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and B is important for preventing liver disease. Know the top 10 key facts on vaccine safety here: http://bit.ly/2Z9ZWFf
3. Drink
alcohol in moderation.
Excessive alcohol consumption is the largest contributor to fatty
liver disease. Binge drinking can take a serious toll on the liver, so it’s
best to reduce alcohol consumption. Noting the liver’s role in breaking down
substances that enter the body, it also processes 90 % of consumed alcohol (the
remaining 10% exits
the body through sweat, urine, and breathing). Chronic alcohol abuse causes
destruction of liver cells, which results in scarring of the liver (cirrhosis)
that may lead to liver cancer.
4. Take
medicines, vitamins, and supplements wisely.
Taking over-the-counter medications in random dosage (not
prescribed by the doctor) can also cause liver damage. Combining non-prescribed
medicines, including herbal supplements, with the prescribed ones can have
detrimental effect on your liver. Try and take medicines only when prescribed
by the doctor and talk to your doctor before
going ahead with herbal or any other kind of supplements.
5. Stay in
clean, non-toxic environments.
Exposure to harmful environmental toxins can be harmful for your
liver. Experts have found several chemicals associated with a dose-dependent
increased risk for abnormal liver enzymes. Evidence also suggests that smokers
are at increased risk for liver cancer. To prevent liver damage and protect
your body, ensure proper ventilation in your room, wear a mask when spraying
insecticides, paint or fungicides.
To learn more about liver disease prevention and treatment, click here
Aspirin to prevent liver disease? This may not be an
association that is typically made, but a new study has found evidence that
daily aspirin therapy may help reduce the risk of developing hepatocellular
carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
The notion of aspirin therapy is not new in cancer research.
Previous studies have demonstrated that aspirin can reduce cancer risk,
particularly for colorectal cancer. However, clinical evidence supporting the
chemo-preventive effect of aspirin therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma remains
limited.
This new
cohort study was conducted in Taiwan and included 10, 615 patients with chronic
hepatitis B. All patient data was obtained from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research
Database (NHIRD) and
collected from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2012. Patients with hepatitis C
virus (HCV) infection, other viral hepatitis, HIV infection, and alcoholic
liver disease were excluded. Those who received daily aspirin therapy for 90 or
more days were identified as the aspirin-treated cohort, and patients who never
received antiplatelet therapy were assigned to the untreated cohort.
The researchers found a statistically significant 29% risk
reduction of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2,123 patients who received daily
aspirin compared with the matched controls of 8,492 patients. As such, their daily
aspirin intake may
improve the chemo-prevention of hepatitis B virus–related hepatocellular
carcinoma.
Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of primary
liver cancer, often occurs in people with chronic liver diseases, such as
cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection. It’s different from
“secondary” liver cancers that have spread to the liver from other
organs. If diagnosed in its early stages, hepatocellular carcinoma can be cured
via surgery or transplant. Notably, hepatocellular carcinoma is the second
leading cause of cancer deaths, worldwide. As such, developing cost-effective
preventive therapies is needed.
Aspirin works by fighting inflammation. Taking a low dose of
aspirin helps prevent blood clots, reducing the risk of stroke and heart
attack. On its role in cancer prevention, a
study has shown that daily intake of low-dose aspirin could reduce the risk
of developing colon cancer and rectal cancer by as much as 50%. A different study on recovering breast cancer patients
found that those who had daily aspirin therapy for three to five years were 60%
less likely to suffer from cancer recurrence.
But what about the risk of aspirin-induced bleeding? This
well-known consequence of long-term aspirin intake should be carefully
considered before administering aspirin therapy. People with cirrhosis who will
opt for aspirin therapy should be monitored carefully because cirrhosis makes
it more difficult to stop any internal bleeding.
YES, injections may pinch for two seconds. NO, no one loves to get them. However, the few moments of discomfort pale in comparison to the damage that the perilous diseases they prevent can wreak havoc on your body; and in some cases, lead to death. Vaccines have been protecting children and adults from diseases for centuries, from polio to tuberculosis, from hepatitis B to the flu. Containing weakened or killed germs, vaccines—once they’re introduced—trigger the release of the body’s natural immunizing response (aka antibodies) so that your system can fight off the ‘familiar’ disease.
With the recent
resurgence of measles across the country, and recent flu epidemics taking
seasonal strongholds — being clearly informed about vaccinations is critical—now
more than ever. Vaccines are the no. 1 defense against hepatitis—which, as
deadly as it is silent, often infects without any symptoms and can develop into
a chronic liver disease. In fact, some hospitals are taking the extra step of
requiring visitors to provide proof of immunization to better protect patients,
their families, and healthcare providers. They’re prevention and potential harm
reduction is key. It’s time to live your best healthful life.
This World
Hepatitis Day, let’s break down the myths with evidence-based facts about vaccines
and hepatitis—and
protect your liver with ADRLF’s constant reminder: Screen. Vaccinate. Don’t Hesitate!For ADRLF’s 5th Annual social media #Top10 event, check out
these Top 10 Facts on Vaccine Safety.
Fact #1. Vaccines work! No treatment is available for hepatitis A & B—so vaccination is your best protection.
Vaccines
work! No treatment is available for hepatitis A & B—so vaccination is your
best protection. Explore and discuss vaccine options with your healthcare
providers, in planning a smart course of action for yourself and your family.
Learn more about the different hepatitis vaccines here.
Fact #2. Got severe allergies or a serious illness? Hep B vaccine may or may not be for you.
The hepatitis
B vaccine is
not for everyone—particularly those with severe allergies or a serious illness.
As with any medication, this vaccine may carry minor some side effects, like soreness
and mild fever. However, contrary to the ever-growing, widespread fears around
immunization, which are putting the public health at risk, there’s been no link
proven between vaccines and autism—as emphasized by the CDC and the World
Health Organization.
Fact #3. Travel-time, soon? Whether you’re traveling domestically or internationally—be sure to get all of your vaccines!
While
many of the suggested travel vaccines are meant for those voyaging to tropical
and exotic areas, it’s important to be informed about country-specific
immunization requirements—and current disease patterns. Check out this blog to learn about
hepatitis vaccination before travelling, and get a travel vaccine assessment before an international
trip.
Fact #4. No vaccine is available for #HepC—so testing is recommended for Baby Boomers, people w/ tattoos, and blood recipients/donors.
There
is no vaccine to prevent HCV, so testing is recommended, particularly for the
following:
People born during 1945–1965
Injecting drug users
Recipients of clotting factors made before 1987
Hemodialysis patients
Recipients of blood or solid organ transplants before 1992
Infants born to HCV-infected mothers
People with undiagnosed abnormal liver test results
Healthcare professionals
People with tattoos (even from professional parlors)
People with HIV infection
Fact #5: Vaccines protect pets against dangerous viral and bacterial disease!
Just
like humans, dogs and cats also need vaccines to give them life-long protection
from diseases like rabies, feline leukemia virus, and canine parvovirus. Some
of which diseases can be passed on to humans—particularly those with
undeveloped, or compromised immune systems, including infants, the elderly, and
more. Consult your vet to know which vaccines your pets need.
Fact #6. Vaccines strengthen your immune system with long-lasting protection!
While
natural immunity is a valuable form of self-defense, it typically isn’t as
strong as vaccine protection. Our immune system kicks off when we get sick; it
may not be enough to fight off serious diseases. Vaccines help our immune
system do its job better and faster, and provides long-term (even life-long)
active immunity against threatening infections.
Fact #7. What? Where? When? Not sure which vaccines you’ve received? Or when you need to be inoculated? Take control of your wellness. Check out this immunization schedule. http://bit.ly/2ZQ26pG
Locate and track your
vaccination history to make sure you’re up-to-date with the necessary vaccines.
Finding old vaccination information can be difficult and time-consuming. To
start, if you have access, ask your parent/caregivers, as well as
elementary/high school/college health services for possible immunization
records. Check with your doctor or public health clinic as they often maintain
vaccination records for a limited number of years. Finally, contact your
state’s health department—some states have immunization registries. Moving
forward, use simple recording tools (such as the CDC’s IIS or an online
tracker)
to efficiently keep track of your and your family’s vaccinations.
Fact #8. A little known fact—as we celebrate our 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 landing on the moon—vaccine research is also being done in outer space!
Space
research has also delved into exploring the mystery of vaccine-induced
immunity. A microgravity environment has been shown to induce key changes in
microbial cells that are directly relevant to infectious disease. These studies
in the science community could play a vital role in developing future vaccines.
Keep up with exciting new developments in your universe that may directly
impact you. Visit NASA’s
website learn more.
Fact #9. Do you work in healthcare? Vaccines go a long way to protect yourself & your patients!
Physicians,
doctors, and other professionals in the medical setting are at high risk for
acquiring various diseases due to their daily work exposure. Protect
yourself—as well as your patients and family members—by getting the vaccines
that the CDC recommends for healthcare workers. Learn more here.
Fact #10. Did you know that the 1796 “invention” of the vaccine was inspired by a milkmaid who, knowing she contracted cowpox while working, boasted about her smallpox immunity–in front of a curious young apprentice; noting how cowpox prevented her from getting the then-deadly disease.
Did
you also know: The word “vaccination” is
derived from the Latin word “vaccinus”, meaning of or from a cow. Here’s how it
all connects: In his younger days of apprenticeship, Edward Jenner, a
whip-smart English doctor (also known today as the “father of immunology.”)
overheard some milkmaid boasting how she had gotten cowpox, and that her skin
would never have to be blemished by the deadly smallpox disease. Noting she had
no symptoms of smallpox after inoculation, Dr. Jenner observed this to be true.
In 1796, he tested his theory with a milkmaid, Sarah Nelmes, her cow named
Blossom, and a 9-year-old boy, James Phipps. Months later, Jenner exposed
Phipps a number of times to the variola virus, but Phipps never developed
smallpox. There’s evidence that as early as 800 years prior in China—and
similarly prior in Africa and Turkey—certain procedures of inoculation (known as variolation) were developed to
combat small pox–prior to its spread in Europe. Acheter viagra France. Also, from 1768 to 1791, a few
other European scientists in England, France and Germany tested inoculation,
but Dr. Jenner’s world-changing discovery ultimately prevailed. Learn more
about early efforts to control diseases here.
Vaccines have saved millions of lives—providing benefits that far
outweigh the risks. Although some vaccines contain substances that are harmful
to the body in high amounts—such as mercury, formaldehyde, and aluminum—the
amount of these chemicals in vaccines is small and considered harmless. For
example, the maximum amount of formaldehyde present in any vaccine is .02 mg
per dose. Notably, there is 50 to 70 times more formaldehyde present in an
average newborn’s body than in a single dose of vaccine, reported the FDA.
In fact, people consume formaldehyde when they eat fruit, vegetables, meat,
seafood and poultry.
Do your homework. Verify your sources. Be your own advocate. Get
comfortable through awareness and knowledge. In fact, from simple dental
procedures, to over-the counter medications, to dining outdoors, to getting
inked by a local celeb artist, risks are inherent in all that we introduce into our bodies. Yet there’s also a greater risk
in failing to introduce essential medicines, supplements, nourishment, inoculation,
and procedures that work to sustain our individual collective wellness. And
with hepatitis A & B in mind, let’s work to eradicate both, now that we
have the knowledge and tools. May
our timely outreach be your pressing inspiration! So, when it comes
to protecting your liver—and your body—ADRLF lovingly urges you to: SCREEN. VACCINATE. DON’T HESITATE! You’ve
GOT this!
It’s well known that liver cancer is more common in men than
in women. But why is this the case? Several studies have sought to answer this
question. Recently, experts from Spain’s Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares
(CNIC) in Madrid may have uncovered the reason behind women’s lower liver
cancer prevalence: Adiponectin, a fat cell hormone that occurs at higher levels
in women than in men or in obese people, who are also at high risk of
developing liver cancer.
Hormones Protection
at its Best
“This study provides insight into adipose tissue to liver
crosstalk, and its gender relation during cancer development,” the study authors
noted; further suggesting that the tissue, therefore, has “potential to guide
strategies for new cancer therapeutics.”
Adiponectin expression is naturally higher in healthy women,
while production of this hormone tends to decline in men after puberty. In the
CNIC study published in the Journal of Experimental
Medicine, experts used mouse models to evaluate the role of
adiponectin in the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the most
common type of primary liver cancer. They found that the hormone activates two
anticancer proteins in liver cells. However, in men, who have low levels adiponectin,
this activation is suppressed by the reaction of testosterone on another
protein, minimizing the cancer-protecting efforts of adiponectin. While the implanted
HCC tumor cells grew more strongly in the male than in the female mice, no
gender difference was observed in the growth of colon- or melanoma-derived
tumor cells.
Potential Treatment
Strategies
The protective role of adiponectin remains controversial and
requires further investigation, warns the study authors. Nonetheless, this
discovery could lead to new potential strategies for treating HCC.
“One approach would be to use adiponectin itself, while
another option is metformin, a drug used to treat diabetes that targets the
same anticancer protein as adiponectin,” said Guadalupe Sabio, PhD, one of the
research authors. With liver cancer being one of the leading causes of cancer-related
deaths across the globe and treatment options being notably limited, the new
findings from this study could be instrumental in developing new approaches to
address liver cancer. “Better preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools are
therefore urgently needed, particularly in view of the important contribution
of obesity to HCC incidence worldwide” Sabio added.
HCC often occurs in people with chronic liver diseases, such
as cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection. While discovering
new treatment is exciting, prevention remains key. So be sure to SCREEN.
VACCINATE. DON’T HESITATE!
If you’ve tried vibrant South Asian cuisine, you most likely got a taste of
turmeric, a bright yellow spice that adds color and flavor to curries, mustard,
and other rich dishes. But did you know that turmeric — an MVP seasoning — also offers vital anti-inflammatory
and liver health benefits?
Turmeric comes from a plant in the ginger family and has been
known to help conditions like arthritis, heartburn (dyspepsia), joint pain,
stomach pain, and diarrhea. Sometimes called “the golden spice,” it has been traditionally
used in ayurvedic medicine. Turmeric contains the chemical curcumin that helps decrease swelling, and
treats inflammatory problems like skin infections, and mouth sores, among other maladies. This therapeutic property
is believed to help protect and detoxify the liver.
While turmeric supplements have been popular, we recommend
caution when taking this supplement — or any supplement for that matter — that
may add extra stress to the liver (check out this reported case for more
information: http://bit.ly/2KUydlw).
This spring, explore the many ways you can add turmeric’s
earthy flavor to liver-friendly stews that you and your family will enjoy.
Check out these — our
favorite tasty recipes!
1 tsp ground turmeric (or a thumb-sized piece of fresh
turmeric, finely chopped)
1 tbsp curry powder
2 large sweet potatoes, diced
400ml vegetable stock
1 x 400ml tin coconut milk
1 x 400g tin chickpeas, rinsed and drained
Juice of ½ lime
Large handful of fresh coriander, roughly chopped
Sea salt and freshly ground black pepper (to taste, as desired/needed)
1 scallion sprig,
chopped (*optional garnish, we like to toss on top!)
INSTRUCTIONS:
Place a large pan over a medium heat and add the oil. Add the
onion, season with salt and pepper, and fry for 6-8 minutes until tender.
Add the garlic, chilli, turmeric and curry powder and fry for
a further 2 minutes until the spices release their aroma.
Add the sweet potato chunks and stir until coated in the
spices, then pour in the vegetable stock, coconut milk and chickpeas. Bring back
to a steady simmer and cook for 15 minutes or until the sweet potato is just
tender.
Check the seasoning and stir through the lime juice and
coriander. Serve in deep bowls. (*Add optional scallion garnish, if desired). This serves four.
Add the olive oil to a large pot over medium-high heat.
Once hot, add the onions, celery and carrots and cook until
softened, about 5 minutes.
Add the turmeric, cumin, salt and pepper, stir and cook
another minute until fragrant.
Add the broth to the pot, stir then add the lentils. Bring to
a boil then reduce heat to low and simmer for about 20 minutes.
While stew cooks, make the pistou by combining all the
ingredients except the olive oil in a food processor. Process until finely
chopped. With the processor running, slowly drizzle in the olive oil until the
mixture just comes together in a clumpy texture. Set aside.
Once lentils are tender, add the chard to the pot, stir and
cook another 5 minutes until stems are softened and leaves are wilted. Season
to taste with salt and pepper.
To serve, spoon grain of choice into serving bowl, ladle the
stew on top and garnish with the pistou.
1 parsley sprig,
chopped (*optional garnish, we like to toss on top!)
INSTRUCTIONS:
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat.
Add chicken; cook until browned and no longer pink in the
center, about 5 or so minutes.
Add sweet potatoes and onion; cook and stir until onion is
translucent, 2 to 3 minutes.
Add eggplant, garlic, ginger, and turmeric; cook until
fragrant, about 1 minute more.
Pour in broth and simmer stew until thickened, stirring
occasionally, about 20 minutes. (*Add optional parsley garnish, if desired).
BONUS DESSERTS!
MANGO AND TURMERIC RAW
CUPCAKE (recipe from http://bit.ly/2V7hlMc)
INGREDIENTS:
CRUST LAYER:
80g almonds (1/2 cup)
70g sunflower seeds (1/2 cup)
6 medjool dates, pitted
1 tbsp coconut oil
½ tsp cinnamon
pinch Pink Himalayan Salt
MANGO TURMERIC LAYER:
200g creamed coconut/coconut butter (1 cup)
2 tbsp coconut oil
2 tbsp maple syrup (optional)
1 large mango (about 1 cup pureed)
2 tsp fresh turmeric
1 tsp fresh ginger
1 tbsp lime juice
¼ tsp cinnamon
INSTRUCTIONS:
Place almonds and sunflower seeds into a food processor or
high speed blender and pulse few times until they have broken down into a coarse
texture. Add the rest of the ingredients and blend until the mixture comes
together.
Divide the mix evenly into 8 cupcake holes, spread onto the
base and press tightly down. Set aside.
In a small pot, gently melt coconut butter, coconut oil and
maple syrup stirring frequently. Set aside and leave to cool down for a bit
while preparing the mango.
Peel mango, turmeric and ginger and place into a blender with
lime juice and cinnamon. Blend until smooth. Stir into the melted slightly
cooled coconut butter and mix well. Spoon the mixture onto the crust layer and
smooth out evenly.
Place into a freezer until set and the top feels firm.
Once set leave on the counter for a bit and then run sharp
knife carefully around the edges to release the cupcakes from the tin.
Store in a fridge or freezer in an airtight container.
Enjoy!
NO CHURN MANGO TURMERIC
ICE CREAM (recipe from http://bit.ly/2V7hA9P)
INGREDIENTS:
4 cups frozen mango
3/4 cup coconut cream
1 cup full-fat coconut milk
2 tsp turmeric
1/2 tsp black pepper (optional, omit for AIP – i.e., Autoimmune Protocol
diets)
INSTRUCTIONS:
Using a high-speed blender, blend all of the ingredients on
med/low speed until combined.
Once combined and not chunky, add to a glass Tupperware or
parchment lined loaf pan and place in the freezer for at least 1-2 hours (see
notes for freezing longer).
Use an ice-cream scoop to add to a bowl, or serve in a
compliant ice cream cone (see above) and enjoy!
This is
important news – about timing. The American Cancer Society estimates
that for 2019, about42,030 new cases of primary liver
cancer and intrahepatic bile duct cancer will be diagnosed in the United
States. This figure suggests how common liver cancer is, and reminds us to take
liver health seriously, including the importance of early diagnosis.
Astudy published in 2016 in the
American Journal of Gastroenterology finds that African-American patients with
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or more generally referred to as liver cancer, are
often diagnosed late.
The cohort research, led by Dr. Jacqueline Eztevez from
California-based Standford University Medical Center, studied HCC cases of 578
Caucasian patients and 578 African-American patients diagnosed between 2007 and
2014. The researchers found that, in comparison, African-American patients were
less likely to have cirrhosis but have a higher chance to have more elevated
creatinine levels, multifocal tumors, vascular invasion, and larger tumors.
There were also more African-American patients with Barcelona Clinic Cancer stage C compared with
the other ethnic group in the study.
While in terms of overall survival rates, there is no
difference in estimated
5-year survival rates for both ethnicities, Caucasian patients had better
figures than African-American patients for 5-year survival rates, after 2010.
Is ethnicity a
predictor of liver cancer mortality?
Researchers say ’no.’ Dr. Estevez explains that the
diagnosis of HCC is found to be a significant factor. This makes sense as
earlier diagnosis means earlier treatments.
According to the study, African-American patients were less
likely to get any HCC treatment, including the most common treatments, than the
other ethnicity.
What can be done?
Be mindful of your liver health. Here
are some useful resources:
Be informed. It is very important to equip
ourselves with basic knowledge on liver health. Here is a goodresource for information.
Consult your doctor. If you suspect you might be suffering
from any forms of liver disease, go to a hospital and have yourself
checked. Remember: early diagnosis can save lives.
Make no
mistake about it, following diagnosis, every individual’s body has a different
response to disease and treatment, and therefore a positive outlook is key in
terms of taking both proactive steps and curative measures to battle boldly, regardless.
And don’t assume that every screening will lead to the negative; openness is a
necessary mindset for preventative self-care.
As
always, we at ADRLF encourage you to: Screen. Vaccinate. Don’t Hesitate!
Good news for the fight against liver cancer! A researcher
at the Center for Prevention & Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) is
working on editing T cells to determine and kill Glypican-3 (GPC3), which is
considered as a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a common
form of liver cancer in young people.
Associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at CPRIT
Navin Varadarajan’s goal is to make T cells, which are our immune system’s defenders
against pathogens that may harm our bodies, more capable of suppressing a
particular cellular molecule/protein that can lead the development of cancer.
This aspired T cell-based Immunotherapy for Liver Cancer may save lives.
What is Immunotherapy?
Also referred to as biologic therapy, immunotherapy is a
form of treatment for cancer that aims to strengthen the body’s inborn, natural
defenses against cancer.
Other than a combination of aggressive chemotherapy with
either liver transplantation or evasive surgical removal of hepatocellular tumors,
effective treatments are yet to be found. Unwanted side effects of
dose-intensive chemotherapy include hearing impairment, possible long-term
pulmonary damage, speech and cognitive delay, and decreased blood cell count.
T cell modification for liver cancer treatment
T cells, which are also called as T lymphocytes, are a
subtype of white blood cells produced in the thymus. The “T” in T cell stands for thymus; these
subtypes are essential for human body’s immunity and are responsible for a
person’s immune response to specific pathogens. If we have lowered count of T
cells, like what happens to people infected with HIV/AIDs, we become sick more
easily due to increased susceptibility to infections.
Varadarajan and his team are looking at how T cells work and
are trying to identify what properties of T cells are essential in fighting
cancer cells, particularly in targeting GPC3, which is a protein in human cells
and that are particularly overexpressed in HCC. The approach is actually easy
to understand: make the T cell strong
enough to kill GPC3 to prevent or stop the development of liver cancer.
Varadarajan and his team are not the first researchers to
explore immunotherapy for liver cancer treatment. Below are some other studies:
What do these research findings and breakthroughs tell us?
We are not far from technologies that would help us win the fight against liver
cancer. Yes, we can have hope.
